●无功功率概述      REACTIVE POWER OVERVIEW

无功功率对供电系统和负荷的运行都是十分重要的，电力系统网络元件的阻抗主要是电感性的。在电力系统中，为了输送有功功率，就要求送电端和受电端的电压有一相位差，这在相当宽的范围内可以实现；

Reactive power is important to the operation of the power supply system and the load. The impedance of the power system network components is primarily inductive. In the power system, in order to deliver active power, a voltage difference between the power transmitting end and the power receiving end is required, which can be realized in a relatively wide range;

而为了输送无功功率，则要求两端电压有一幅值差，这只能在很窄的范围内实现。不仅网络元件消耗无功功率，大多数负载也需要消耗无功功率，网络元件和负载所需要的无功功率必须从网络中获得。显然，如果这些无功功率都是由发电机提供并经过长距离的传输是不合理的，也是不可能的，所以最合理的方法是在需要消耗无功功率的地方进行无功补偿。

In order to deliver reactive power, a voltage difference between the two terminals is required, which can only be achieved in a narrow range. Not only does the network component consume reactive power, most of the load also consumes reactive power, and the reactive power required by the network components and loads must be obtained from the network. Obviously, if these reactive powers are provided by the generator and transmitted over long distances, it is unreasonable and impossible. Therefore, the most reasonable method is to perform reactive power compensation where the reactive power needs to be consumed.

●无功补偿的好处      BENEFITS  OF REACTIVE COMPENSATION

降低输电线路损耗      Reduce transmission line losses

改善电网电压质量      Improve grid voltage quality

提升电网输电能力      Improve grid transmission capacity

保障电网运行稳定      Ensure stable operation of the power grid

延长设备使用寿命      Extend equipment life

避免无功罚款，节省电费支出          Avoid reactive fines and save on electricity bills

提高变压器带载能力，节约投资         Improve transformer load capacity and save investment

提升功率因数，稳定系统电压          Improve power factor and stabilize system voltage

通过增加系统中无功功率，如电容器（Qc），可以改善功率因数，结果是视在功率（S）中的有功功率P1变成P2，使夹角1减少到2，改善功率因数这条途径被叫做功率因数修正或无功功率补偿。